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1 rudiarius
retired gladiator; (one who has received his rudis/wooden sword on retiring) -
2 rudis
1.rŭdis, e, adj. [cf. crudus], unwrought, untilled, unformed, unused, rough, raw, wild (cf. crudus): omnis fere materia non deformata, rudis appellatur, sicut vestimentum rude, non perpolitum: sic aes infectum rudusculum, Cincius ap. Fest. p. 265 Müll. (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. signif.).I.Lit.:B.terra (opp. restibilis),
Varr. R. R. 1, 44, 2; so,terra,
id. ib. 1, 27, 2:ager,
Col. 3, 11, 1:campus,
Verg. G. 2, 211:humus,
Ov. M. 5, 646:rudis atque infecta materies,
Petr. 114, 13; cf.:rudis indigestaque moles (Chaos),
Ov. M. 1, 7:marmor,
Quint. 2, 19, 3:saxum,
id. 9, 4, 27; cf.:signa (de marmore coepto),
Ov. M. 1, 406:aes (opp. signatum),
Plin. 33, 3, 13:hasta,
rudely finished, ill-made, Verg. A. 9, 743; cf.:novacula (with retusa),
Petr. 94, 14:circumjectus parietum,
Plin. 11, 51, 112, § 270:caementum,
Tac. Or. 20 (with informes tegulae):lana,
Ov. M. 6, 19:textum,
rough, coarse, id. ib. 8, 640; so,vestis,
id. F. 4, 659:herba,
wild, Mart. 2, 90, 8: cf.uva,
unripe, green, hard, id. 13, 68.— Neutr. plur. as subst.: detrahit doctrina aliquid, ut lima rudibus et cotes hebetibus, Quint. 2, 12, 8. —Poet., transf., young, new (cf. integer):II.illa (carina, sc. Argo) rudem cursu prima imbuit Amphitriten,
untried, not yet sailed on, Cat. 64, 11;hence, also, Argo,
Luc. 3, 193:agna,
Mart. 9, 71, 6:filia,
id. 7, 95, 8:dextram cruore regio imbuit,
Sen. Troad. 217:pannas,
new, Vulg. Matt. 9, 16. —Trop., rude, unpolished, uncultivated, unskilled, awkward, clumsy, ignorant; hence (like ignarus), with gen., unacquainted with, inexperienced in, etc. (cf. imperitus).(α).Absol.:(β).consilium,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 61; cf.:forma ingenii impolita et plane rudis,
Cic. Brut. 85, 294:incohata ac rudia,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 5:quae rudia atque imperfecta adhuc erant,
Quint. 3, 1, 7:rudia et incomposita,
id. 9, 4, 17:vox surda, rudis, immanis, dura, etc.,
id. 11, 3, 32:modulatio,
id. 1, 10, 16; cf.:modus (tibicinis),
Ov. A. A. 1, 111:rude et Graecis intactum carmen,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 66:stilus (with confusus),
Quint. 1, 1, 28; 12, 10, 3:animi,
id. 1, 10, 9 (with agrestes);1, 1, 36: adhuc ingenia,
id. 1, 2, 27; cf.ingenium,
Hor. A. P. 410:rudis fuit vita priscorum et sine litteris,
Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 284:saeculum,
Quint. 2, 5, 23; 12, 11, 23; Tac. H. 1, 86:anni,
i. e. young, early, Quint. 1, 1, 5; Tac. A. 13, 16 fin.; cf.:adhuc aetas,
id. ib. 4, 8:rudem me et integrum discipulum accipe et ea, quae requiro, doce,
Cic. N. D. 3, 3, 7; Quint. 2, 3, 3; 3, 6, 83:Aeschylus rudis in plerisque et incompositus,
id. 10, 1, 66:tam eram rudis? tam ignarus rerum? etc.,
Cic. Sest. 21, 47; so (with ignarus) Quint. 1, 8, 4:rudis ac stultus,
id. 11, 3, 76:illi rudes homines primique,
id. 8, 3, 36; 10, 2, 5:illi rudes ac bellicosi,
id. 1, 10, 20:nescit equo rudis Haerere ingenuus puer,
Hor. C. 3, 24, 54.—With in and abl.:(γ).cum superiores alii fuissent in disputationibus perpoliti, alii in disserendo rudes,
Cic. Rep. 1, 8, 13:(oratorem) nullā in re tironem ac rudem esse debere,
id. de Or. 1, 50, 218; (with hebes) id. ib. 1, 58, 248:rudis in re publicā,
id. Phil. 6, 6, 17:in causā,
id. Fam. 4, 1, 1:in jure civili,
id. de Or. 1, 10, 40:in minoribus navigiis,
id. ib. 1, 38, 174:omnino in nostris poëtis,
id. Fin. 1, 2, 5:sermo nullā in re,
id. de Or. 1, 8, 32.—With simple abl. (very rare):Ennius ingenio maximus, arte rudis,
Ov. Tr. 2, 424:arte,
Stat. Th. 6, 437:studiis,
Vell. 2, 73, 1.—With gen.:(δ).imperiti homines rerum omnium rudes ignarique,
Cic. Fl. 7, 16:dicat se non imperitum foederis, non rudem exemplorum, non ignarum belli fuisse,
id. Balb. 20, 47:provinciae rudis,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:Graecarum litterarum,
id. Off. 1, 1, 1; Nep. Pelop. 1, 1:rei militaris,
Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2:harum rerum,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 87:artium,
Liv. 1, 7:bonarum artium,
Tac. A. 1, 3:facinorum,
id. ib. 12, 51:agminum,
Hor. C. 3, 2, 9:civilis belli,
id. Ep. 2, 2, 47; cf.:bellorum (elephanti),
Flor. 4, 2, 67:operum conjugiique,
Ov. F. 4, 336:somni,
i. e. sleepless, id. M. 7, 213:dicendi,
Tac. A. 1, 29.—With ad (very rare):(ε).rudem ad pedestria bella Numidarum gentem esse,
Liv. 24, 48, 5:ad quae (spectacula) rudes tum Romani erant,
id. 45, 32, 10; 10, 22, 6; 21, 25, 6:ad partus,
Ov. H. 11, 48:ad mala,
id. P. 3, 7, 18:rudes adhuc ad resistendum populos,
Just. 1, 1, 5:rudis natio ad voluptates,
Curt. 6, 21, 9; 8, 8, 24.—With dat. (very rare):(ζ).fontes rudes puellis,
i. e. strange, Mart. 6, 42, 4.—With inf.:2. I.nec ferre rudis medicamina,
Sil. 6, 90:Martem rudis versare,
id. 8, 262.— Comp., sup., and adv. do not occur.To stir with in cooking; a stirring-stick, spatula:II.versato crebro duabus rudibus,
Cato, R. R. 79; so,ferreae,
Plin. 34, 18, 50, § 170; cf. rudicula.—A staff used by soldiers and gladiators in their exercises (perh. a wooden sword), answering to a quarter-staff, a foil (freq. and class.):(milites) rudibus inter se in modum justae pugnae concurrerunt,
Liv. 26, 51; 40, 6 and 9 Drak. N. cr. (al. sudibus); Ov. Am. 2, 9, 22; id. A. A. 3, 515:rudibus batuere,
Suet. Calig. 32.—Hence, transf.: PRIMA or SVMMA RVDIS (also in one word, SVMMARVDIS), the first or head fencer, the fencing-master, Inscr. Orell. 2575; 2584: SECVNDA RVDIS, the second fencer, the fencing-master ' s assistant, ib. 2573 sq.—A gladiator received such a rudis when honorably discharged (whence he was called rudiarius):tam bonus gladiator rudem tam cito accepisti?
Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 74:acceptā rude,
Juv. 6, 113:essedario rudem indulgere,
Suet. Claud. 21.—And hence transf. to other persons who receive an honorable discharge:tardā vires minuente senectā, Me quoque donari jam rude tempus erat,
i. e. to dismiss, discharge, Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 24; id. Am. 2, 9, 22; cf.:spectatum satis et donatum jam rude,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 2 (v. Orell. ad h. l.):ergo sibi dabit ipse rudem,
Juv. 7, 171; Mart. 3, 36, 10. -
3 clāva
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4 pālus
pālus ī, m [PAC-], a stake, prop, stay, pale: ad palum adligantur: palo suspendat aratrum, O. — A stake, wooden post (for young soldiers to practise on with weapons): aut quis non vidit volnera pali? Iu.* * *Istake/pile/pole/unsplit wood; peg/pin; execution stake; wood sword; fence (pl.)IIswamp, marsh -
5 spatha
spătha, ae, f., = spathê.I.A broad, flat, wooden instrument for stirring any liquid, a spattle, spatula, Col. 12, 42, 3; Plin. 34, 11, 26, § 111; Scrib. Comp. 45; Cels. 7, 12 fin.; 8, 15.—* II.A batten, or broad piece of wood, used by the early weavers for driving home the threads of the woof or tram, Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—III.A broad, two-edged sword without a point (the Italian spada), Veg. Mil. 2, 15; Tac. A. 12, 35 fin.; App. M. 1, p. 103, 39; 9, p. 236, 28; Spart. Hadr. 10; Capitol. Max. jun. 3; Tert. Cult. Fem. 13.—IV.A spathe of a palmtree, Plin. 16, 26, 48, § 112.—V.A kind of tree, called also elate, Plin. 23, 5, 53, § 99; Scrib. Comp. 269 (called also spathe, Plin. 12, 28, 62, § 134 al.).
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